Beat+Generation

The **Beat Generation**, also known as the beat movement, were a group of American writers who emerged in the 1950s. Among its most influential members were Gary Snyder, the radical poet Allen Ginsberg, William Burroughs and Jack Kerouac. The major Beat writings include Jack Kerouac's [|On the Road], Allen Ginsberg's Howl, and William Burroughs' [|Naked Lunch].

What started off as a literary phenomenon soon progressed to a life-changing attitude for thousands of people around the world. It embraced originality and individuality in the way people thought and acted. The members of the Beat Generation developed a reputation as new bohemian hedonists, who celebrated non-conformity and spontaneous creativity. The beat generation threw out the old rules of literature, music, sex and religion. Central elements of "Beat" culture included experimentation with drugs, alternative forms of sexuality, an interest in Eastern religion, a rejection of materialism, and the idealizing of exuberant, unexpurgated means of expression and being.

The core group consisted of Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, Neal Cassady and William S. Burroughs, who met in the neighborhood surrounding Columbia University in uptown Manhattan in the mid-40's. They picked up Gregory Corso in Greenwich Village and found Herbert Huncke hanging around Times Square. They then migrated to San Francisco where they expanded their group consciousness by meeting Gary Snyder, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Michael McClure, Philip Whalen and Lew Welch.

Bob Dylan, The Beatles were heavily influenced by the Beat Generation. Members like Allen Ginsberg were influential in the anti-war movement. Others who were influenced include: Jefferson Airplane, Joan Baez, Country Joe and the Fish, Crosby Stills Nash and Young. The Beat Generation were followed by the hippies, anti-war movement, which led to the environmental movement, deep ecology and Earth First!



**Origin of name**
The term "Beat" was reportedly coined by Jack Kerouac in the late 1940's, but became more common at about the time that writers like himself, Allen Ginsberg and Lawrence Ferlinghetti were beginning to get noticed. It was quickly becoming a slang term in America after World War II, meaning "exhausted" or "beat down" and provided this generation with a definitive label for their personal and social positions and perspectives.

 **Drug use**
The original members of beat generation used a number of different drugs, including alcohol, marijuana, morphine and LSD for experimental purposes. Claims that some of these drugs can enhance creativity, insight or productivity were quite common.

**[|Must-watch movies about beat generation] **
**Major Writers of the Beat Generation** > ** Ginsberg, Allen (1926-1997) > > == ==
 * Kerouac, Jack (1922-1969)
 * Burroughs, William S. (1914-1997)
 * Corso, Gregory (1930-2001)
 * Ferlinghetti, Lawrence (1919-)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Cassady, Neal (1926-1968)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Solomon, Carl (1928-1993)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Holmes, John Clellon (1926-1988)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Johnson, Joyce (1935-)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Kesey, Ken (1935-2001)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Brautigan, Richard (1935-1984)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Snyder, Gary (1930-)

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">REFERENCES **
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">[]

Harun GÜL 101010036 2-B

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 200%;">I'm sorry teacher I added this page by mistake and I can't delete :)